{"id":33385,"date":"2026-03-27T10:00:32","date_gmt":"2026-03-27T08:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/?p=33385"},"modified":"2026-03-28T10:03:28","modified_gmt":"2026-03-28T08:03:28","slug":"vid-czyfrovoyi-modeli-do-realnogo-obyekta-zanurennya-u-svit-3d-tehnologij","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/vid-czyfrovoyi-modeli-do-realnogo-obyekta-zanurennya-u-svit-3d-tehnologij\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0412\u0456\u0434 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0456 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431&#8217;\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0430: \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0443 \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442 3D-\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0439"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-d2c985c\" data-block-id=\"d2c985c\"><style>.stk-d2c985c {margin-top:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-d2c985c-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-8d60e5a\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"8d60e5a\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-8d60e5a-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-8d60e5a-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-e0433cb\" data-block-id=\"e0433cb\"><style>.stk-e0433cb {margin-top:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-e0433cb-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-1f46f39\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"1f46f39\"><style>.stk-1f46f39-container{padding-top:12px !important;padding-right:12px !important;padding-bottom:12px !important;padding-left:12px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-1f46f39-container stk-hover-parent\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-1f46f39-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\"><strong>27 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043d\u044f 2026 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443<\/strong> \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u00ab\u0428\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0431\u0443\u0442\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0406\u0422-\u0444\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432\u0446\u044f 2026\u00bb \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u0437\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0432\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443: <strong>\u00ab3D-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a: \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438\u00bb<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u0417\u0456 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u2019\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u041d\u0423\u0411\u0456\u041f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 &#8211; <strong><em>\u0411\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u041b\u044c\u0432\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0413\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0431<\/em><\/strong>. \u0412\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0406\u0422-\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0443 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u0423 \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0456 \u0432\u0437\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0439, \u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0435: \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0438 <strong>41-\u041a, 5-\u0406\u041f\u0411, 6-\u0406\u041f\u0411 <\/strong>and <strong>7-\u0406\u041f\u0411<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u0421\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0438\u0432 <strong>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0413\u041e\u0420\u0411\u0410\u0427<\/strong> \u2014 \u0430\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u2019\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u041d\u0423\u0411\u0456\u041f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438, \u0444\u0430\u0445\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0446\u044c \u0443 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u2019\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0454\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0426\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0456\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0447\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0456\u0445, \u0445\u0442\u043e \u0446\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f 3D-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c \u0442\u0430 3D-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0446\u0456\u0439 \u0433\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0456.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443 <strong>\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0447<\/strong> \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u0432, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0454 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u043c\u0456\u0436 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0430 3D-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u0435 3D-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0454 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b \u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u043d \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0456\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044e \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443, \u0434\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0438, \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0438 \u0443 1980-\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u0432 90-\u0445 \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e, \u044f\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0431\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0432 2000-\u0445.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0443 \u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0456\u043b\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044e 3D-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0445. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0443 <strong>\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0456<\/strong> \u0446\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f \u0437\u0434\u0456\u0439\u0441\u043d\u044e\u0454 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0436\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u044f\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0456\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0456\u0432, \u0456\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0456\u0432 \u0442\u0430 \u0445\u0456\u0440\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0456\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0456\u0432. \u0423 <strong>\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0456<\/strong> \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0456\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0456 3D-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0456\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434 \u0437\u0430 \u043b\u0456\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0456 \u0434\u043d\u0456, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0456\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0430\u043b\u0456\u0432. \u0410 \u0432 <strong>\u044e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0456\u0440\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0456<\/strong> \u0430\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0447\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0448\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u0412\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0437\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0433\u0438 3D-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0432\u043d\u044f\u043d\u043e \u0437 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0457, \u0437\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 DLP (\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f), SLM (\u0432\u0438\u0431\u0456\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f), FDM (\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u043c) \u0456 SLA. \u041e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0432, \u0434\u0435 \u0448\u0443\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438 3D-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0456 (\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0456\u0448\u0435 \u0443 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0456 STL), \u044f\u043a\u0456 \u0454 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u2019\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0443\u043c\u043e\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443, \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0456 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0457\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f. \u0414\u0430\u043b\u0456 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0431\u0443\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f, \u044f\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0456\u0434\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u0434\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0456\u0439 \u0413\u043e\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0447 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443, \u0437\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0444\u0456\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0432 3D-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u0421\u043f\u0456\u043a\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0456\u044e \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0456\u0432 3D-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0456\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0456\u0437\u043d\u0456 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456\u0432, \u0449\u043e \u0432\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0456 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443, \u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043a\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0442\u044c G-\u043a\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u044f\u043a \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0456\u043d\u043d\u044f 3D-\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p-indent blog-p-justify\">\u0417\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0445\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0456\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0437\u0456. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0456\u043d\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0456 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0456, \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0456\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u0430 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043e\u043a \u0443 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0456 3D-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40)\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e3857acbd97&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e3857acbd97\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"771\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"33386\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_1-1024x771.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-33386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_1-1024x771.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_1-300x226.webp 300w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_1-768x578.webp 768w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_1-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_1.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e3857acc850&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e3857acc850\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"771\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"33387\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_2-1024x771.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-33387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_2-1024x771.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_2-300x226.webp 300w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_2-768x578.webp 768w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_2-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_2.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e3857acd0e8&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e3857acd0e8\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"771\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"33388\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_3-1024x771.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-33388\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_3-1024x771.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_3-300x226.webp 300w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_3-768x578.webp 768w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_3-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_3.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e3857acd9ba&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e3857acd9ba\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"771\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"33389\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_5-1024x771.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-33389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_5-1024x771.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_5-300x226.webp 300w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_5-768x578.webp 768w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_5-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/materialy-dlya-statti_5.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" 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\u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d-\u0432\u0435\u0431\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443: \u00ab3D-\u0434\u0440\u0443\u043a: \u0432\u0456\u0434 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0456\u0457 \u0434\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438\u00bb. \u0417\u0456 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0434\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0456\u0432 \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u2019\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a \u041d\u0423\u0411\u0456\u041f \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 &#8211; \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430 \u041b\u044c\u0432\u0456\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0413\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0431. \u0412\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0456 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u0406\u0422-\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0456 \u0443 \u0441\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0456 \u0456\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0439\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0456\u0439. \u0423 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