{"id":12518,"date":"2024-09-02T21:18:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-02T18:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/?p=12518"},"modified":"2024-09-05T22:38:09","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T19:38:09","slug":"den-narodzhennya-ukrayinskoyi-gryvni","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/den-narodzhennya-ukrayinskoyi-gryvni\/","title":{"rendered":"Birthday of the Ukrainian hryvnia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-d2c985c\" data-block-id=\"d2c985c\"><style>.stk-d2c985c{margin-top:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-d2c985c-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-8d60e5a\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"8d60e5a\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-8d60e5a-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-8d60e5a-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-e0433cb\" data-block-id=\"e0433cb\"><style>.stk-e0433cb{margin-top:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-e0433cb-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-1f46f39\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"1f46f39\"><style>.stk-1f46f39-container{margin-top:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important;padding-top:12px !important;padding-right:12px !important;padding-bottom:12px !important;padding-left:12px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-1f46f39-container stk-hover-parent\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-1f46f39-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-62dbc8c p-indent\" data-block-id=\"62dbc8c\"><style>.stk-62dbc8c{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-62dbc8c .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">On September 2, Ukraine celebrates the Day of the National Currency - the Hryvnia.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-7a3bad4 p-indent\" data-block-id=\"7a3bad4\"><style>.stk-7a3bad4{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-7a3bad4 .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">After the declaration of independence of Ukraine, one of the important tasks of the Ukrainian authorities was the creation of its own monetary system and the replacement of Soviet rubles with the national currency. In December 1991, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine approved the name of the Ukrainian currency - &quot;hryvnia&quot;. It corresponded to the traditions of the era of Kyivan Rus and the period of the liberation struggle of 1917-1921. However, in the early 90s of the twentieth century. Ukraine faced a deep economic crisis, falling incomes, hyperinflation. Under such circumstances, introducing a permanent currency was risky.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-dcd2dd3 p-indent\" data-block-id=\"dcd2dd3\"><style>.stk-dcd2dd3{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-dcd2dd3 .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">In 1992, rubles were withdrawn from circulation and replaced by the Ukrainian karbovanets, which was popularly called the \u201ckupono-karbovanets\u201d. This was transitional money. Preparations for the appearance of the hryvnia began. The design of the banknotes was developed by Ukrainian artists Vasyl Lopata and Boris Maksymov. Due to the absence of a Banknote Mint in Ukraine in the early 90s of the 20th century, the production of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 hryvnias was ordered from the Canadian company \u201cCanadian Banknote Company\u201d, and 50, 100 and 200 hryvnias \u2013 from the British company \u201cThomas De La Rue\u201d.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-95f1635 p-indent\" data-block-id=\"95f1635\"><style>.stk-95f1635{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-95f1635 .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">Since 1995, the economic situation in the country has improved and the prerequisites for monetary reform have been created. On August 25, 1996, the Decree of the President of Ukraine \u201cOn Monetary Reform in Ukraine\u201d was signed, and on September 2, 1996, Ukrainians began exchanging millions of coupons for banknotes with the name \u201chryvnia\u201d. On September 17, 1996, the monetary reform was completed, and the hryvnia and its circulating coin, the kopeck, became the only means of payment in Ukraine.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-2f2d6ed p-indent\" data-block-id=\"2f2d6ed\"><style>.stk-2f2d6ed{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-2f2d6ed .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">Today, Ukraine has its own production facilities for the production of banknotes and coins. The NBU Banknote and Mint has been operating since 1994 (Kyiv), and the Banknote Paper Factory (Zhytomyr region) has been operating since 1997.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-e58305d p-indent\" data-block-id=\"e58305d\"><style>.stk-e58305d{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-e58305d .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">Throughout the recent history of the hryvnia, banknotes with an updated design and security system, as well as new denominations of banknotes that did not exist in 1996, have gradually appeared in circulation. Thus, in 2001, a banknote with a denomination of 200 hryvnias was put into circulation, in 2006 - 500 hryvnias, in 2019 - 1000 hryvnias. Currently, the fourth generation of the hryvnia is in circulation, which is distinguished by an improved design and a reinforced set of security elements.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-66c8bed p-indent\" data-block-id=\"66c8bed\"><style>.stk-66c8bed{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-66c8bed .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">Monetary reform in Ukraine was of great importance for the economic independence of our country. The hryvnia is not only a monetary unit, but also one of the symbols of our country. Our own money, along with other state symbols - the coat of arms, anthem, flag, are the main attributes that define an independent state. They present the country to the world and are a rich source of knowledge about its history, culture, and traditions. When visiting Ukraine, foreigners learn from banknotes about outstanding Ukrainians who have made a significant contribution to the development of our country, its science and culture, about famous places and unique architectural monuments.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-37a6b9d p-indent\" data-block-id=\"37a6b9d\"><style>.stk-37a6b9d{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-37a6b9d .stk-block-text__text{letter-spacing:-0.1px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-justify\">Today, the hryvnia occupies a worthy place among other national currencies of the world. <\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\" style=\"padding-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);padding-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20)\">\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e54faebe42a&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e54faebe42a\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"416\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"12519\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_2.webp\" alt=\"\u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\" class=\"wp-image-12519\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_2.webp 640w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_2-300x195.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e54faebeeda&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e54faebeeda\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"12521\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_0-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\" class=\"wp-image-12521\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_0-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_0-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_0-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_0.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e54faebf9b0&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e54faebf9b0\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"12522\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_1-1024x576.webp\" alt=\"\u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\" class=\"wp-image-12522\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_1-1024x576.webp 1024w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_1-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_1-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_1.webp 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;69e54faec0381&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"69e54faec0381\" class=\"wp-block-image size-large wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"906\" height=\"930\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-id=\"12520\" src=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_3.webp\" alt=\"\u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\" class=\"wp-image-12520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_3.webp 906w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_3-292x300.webp 292w, https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/den-narodzhennya-gryvni_3-768x788.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 906px) 100vw, 906px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\taria-label=\"Enlarge\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.imageButtonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.imageButtonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewbox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-b7b16ae\" data-block-id=\"b7b16ae\"><style>.stk-b7b16ae{margin-top:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-b7b16ae-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-5118114\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"5118114\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-5118114-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-5118114-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-75f9f63\" data-block-id=\"75f9f63\"><style>.stk-75f9f63{margin-top:0px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-bottom:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-75f9f63-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-column stk-block stk-4d59b04\" data-v=\"4\" data-block-id=\"4d59b04\"><style>.stk-4d59b04-container{padding-top:12px !important;padding-right:12px !important;padding-bottom:12px !important;padding-left:12px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-4d59b04-container stk-hover-parent\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-4d59b04-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-text stk-block-text stk-block stk-fa01ecd\" data-block-id=\"fa01ecd\"><style>.stk-fa01ecd{margin-bottom:0px !important}<\/style><p class=\"stk-block-text__text has-text-align-right\"><em>Tetyana KUPCHYSHINA,<br>social studies teacher<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044f \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u044c \u0414\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0438 \u2013 \u0433\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456. \u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0456 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0456\u0437 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d\u044c \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0457 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0434\u044f\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0456\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0456\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0443. \u0423 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0456 1991 \u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430 \u0420\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0443 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0438 \u2013 \u00ab\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044f\u00bb. \u0412\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0456\u044f\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438 \u041a\u0438\u0457\u0432\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0456 \u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0456\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u044c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12521,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11,20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12518","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zemelno-pravove-vddlennya","category-koledzh"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12518","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12518"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12518\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12521"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12518"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12518"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfc.nubip.edu.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12518"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}